判斷能力 Judgement
戶外生活 Outdoor Living
後勤計劃 Planning and Logistics
團隊領導 Leadership
風險管理 Risk Management
環境整合 Environmental Integration
教 育 Education
WEA 6+1
判斷能力 Judgement
Outdoor leaders must demonstrate judgment by effectively integrating educational components and situational variables to make and implement quality decisions. Accurate assessment and application of skills using judgment is the central quality of an effective outdoor leader.
Example: 加里山
在加里山上我們用前人留下的信息配合地圖尋找上山的路徑，判斷哪一條岔路到底會通向哪裡，運用自己能看到的明顯路標或者巨石枯木等判斷自己所處的位置以及下一步的方向。
Example 2 金面山
在金面山步道我們用的是提前準備好的地圖簡圖和登山導航APP完成了這座山的行程。其中快到下山最後一段的時候看地圖會發現如果一直向下走很快就會到達公路這樣其實會更省力的到達集合點。
戶外生活 Outdoor living
Understanding and demonstration of the following: Proper campfire use, camp establishment, and basic kitchen management. Proper selection, repair, and storage of equipment and clothing for self and others. Proper health and sanitation techniques. Planning for the safety, comfort, and organization of a group in a backcountry environment. Getting from one place to another and how it is done efficiently and safely in a backcountry environment. Basic weather forecasting and the implications of the effects of weather on the comfort and safety of the group.
Exemple
生營火
我們在戶外生火的時候還是有很多需要注意的點
地點的選擇：要選擇背風地生火，如果可以的話在水源地附近最佳。在岩質地或裸土上生火，原理植物的根部和樹枝，並且要與其他裝備留出適當的空間。
不可以丟下營火不管，在離開營地或入睡前，請將所有與營火接觸過的燃料聚集到火源中，並向餘燼中加水至少兩次來確保營火完全熄滅，確認沒有任何熱點殘留。
Exemple 2
後山宿營，2021年的後山宿營我們提前把秘密基地2的積水和雨棚重新整理好，並且在營地附近挖好了兩個火坑用來生活。這次宿營我們主要複習了兩種天幕的搭法，也增強了我們在戶外野炊的能力。
後勤計劃 Planning and Logistics
Understanding of and ability to prepare an effective plan for group outings of seven or more days in a backcountry environment, and adequately plan and package rations for a group of 5 or more for an outing of seven or more days in a backcountry environment. Demonstration of ability to design and manage proper travel progressions.
Example 加里山行程規劃
6：20 集合
6：30 出發
9：00 學校——鹿場登山口
9：00-9：30 鹿場登山口—營地
9：30-10-30 扎營
10：30-13：00 營地-加里山（輕裝）
13：00-13：20 休息拍照
13：20-15：20 加里山-營地
15:20-16:20 上課
16：20-18：00 晚餐
18：00-20：00 聊天
20：00 睡覺
Example 後山宿營食材計劃
高麗菜每組x 1
彩椒每組x 2
臘腸一包（5條）
舒肥雞胸肉 每組兩塊
紫菜湯包x 1
米，油，調味料若干
團隊領導 Leadership
Understanding and demonstration of the following abilities: Control one's own emotions and behaviors and adapt to stressful or dynamic situations, and maximize the potential of others and motivate them to attain shared goals to improve expedition behavior. Understanding and demonstration of task-specific knowledge to guide a group to attaining its goals. Understanding and demonstration of creativity while taking initiative and calculated risks. Understanding and demonstration of integrity and honesty putting the best interest of a group before individual desires.
Root10
Root 10 中我印象最深的部分就是LOD的部分，leader of the day 顧名思義這一天的領導者。想要當好這一天的leader並不容易，要去協調好隊員之間的關係，關心隊員的身體狀況，去做下一步的行程規劃，還要去決定和與隊員們討論下一步應該往哪邊走。
剪刀石山越野跑行前訓練
一個Leader需要具備什麼素質
能關心到每一位隊員的狀況
能對這一次的行程有充分的了解和規劃
有應對突發狀況的能力
能夠對隊員進行充分的行前指導
要有能力和責任心
風險管理 Risk Management
Understanding and demonstration of the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to engage the process of identifying and implementing plans that control risk in outdoor activities. Demonstrate the ability to design, implement and evaluate an effective risk management plan. Demonstrate proper balance between the potential of risk with the educational benefits of adventure. Demonstrate the ability to manage group travel by moving a group in a safe manner. Demonstrate the ability to organize and implement search/evacuation procedures to locate group members in need of assistance.
Example 大樓垂降
大樓垂降並不只要克服內心的恐懼，更要做好安全上的完全確保。在器材室的時候學長姐們就教我們如何穿好吊帶，如何使用食人魚和模擬下降的方法。到樓頂的時候發現已經佈好了密密麻麻的各式確保繩，還要去幫同學觀察什麼時候需要放繩收繩。下去之後要幫助上面的同學做下方確保，要確保他不要突然降落下來。
Example 十項必備
依據地形或氣候的不同所需的十項必備的物品可能略有差別
足夠的飲用水
打火機
保暖衣物或保溫毯，大黑塑膠袋
雨衣，雨褲
哨子
指北針
頭燈
急救包
緊急糧
帽子
環境整合 Environmental Integration
Understanding and demonstration of concepts that embody ecological and cultural literacy along with the cooperative planning and management skills needed to ensure the preservation of resources. Demonstrates the capacity to perceive and interpret the basic health of environmental systems and take appropriate action to maintain, restore, or improve the health of those systems. Demonstrates the understanding of the theoretical foundations of environmental education. Understanding and demonstration of the civic responsibly to educate land users to reduce their impact on the backcountry as well as in their day to day lives.
Example 各類LNT經驗
原則一: 事先計劃和準備；
原則二: 在堅實的地面上行進和露營；
原則三: 妥善處理垃圾；
原則四：保持自然原貌；
原則五：注意野外用火；
原則六：尊重野生動植物；
原則七：考慮其他戶外活動者。
在山上的時候不要帶走任意一片垃圾。盡量不要很多人走同一條路。生完營火後應將原地恢復原貌。捷徑是生態最大的殺手。
Example
在露營結束後，要盡可能的將營地恢復成原樣，把營火的餘燼完全熄滅，草木灰清理乾淨。點起營火時，如果周圍有現成的枯枝枯木就優先用現成的，盡量不要從樹上砍樹枝下來。如果挖過坑的話也要記得把坑回填好。
教育 Education
Demonstrates understanding of education theory and foundations. Demonstrates a variety of effective teaching and learning strategies in both traditional and outdoor environments. Demonstrates knowledge of teaching and learning skills to plan educational strategies and progressions. Demonstrates problem-solving and critical thinking skills to understand instruction and learner achievement. Demonstrates understanding of appropriate educational assessment practices and procedures.
大樓垂降
在大二下的大樓垂降中依然有教育的部分在裡面，例如學習如何架繩，如何打大樓垂降的繩結。大樓垂降的繩結可以大致分為三部分，可以讓同學們分組完成
企業參訪
這次企業參訪我們去到了位於桃園的passion攀岩館，裡面的tida學長姐很耐心的為我們介紹岩館的各項設施及安全注意事項。在行前我們已經進行了有關攀岩確保的繩結教育和確保教育，並組織大家在值班的時候進行練習。為了讓大家的印象更深刻，我們在企業參訪時也一樣讓大家每個人都要去練習確保。
