個人翻譯練習作品集

中翻英:

*黃色為原文、綠色為譯文

新一年的開始是試著破除舊習慣和養成新習慣的好時候。要許下新 年志願還有什麼更好的時候呢？不過許下志願比維持容易多了，特別是 對那些意志力薄弱的人來說。那就是為什麼要用特定的策略來幫助你掌 控以及讓志願能堅持是很重要的。從讓身體健康到賺更多錢，一個人的 目標清單可能很長，但試圖一次達成太多事情會很容易導致失敗。把精 力只集中在一項行為上會讓你的志願更容易達成。

The start of a New Year is a good time to attempt to break old habits and form new ones. What better time to make a New Year’s resolution? But making one is rather easier than maintaining one, especially for those who are weak at willpower. That's why it’s very important to use specific strategies to help you control and maintain your resolution. From physical-well being to making more money, one’s list of goals could be long, but trying to accomplish too many tasks at once can lead to failure very easily. Focusing all your energy on just one behavior will make your resolution easier to achieve.

加州除了崎嶇的山脈、廣闊的沙漠和世界知名的葡萄園之外，還以全 美數一數二漂亮的海灘遠近馳名。加州被稱為「金州」(Golden State)，位 於美國西岸，陽光充足。海平面的溫度全年維持在「舒適溫暖」到「危險 炎熱」之間。穩定、溫和的天氣讓海洋生物得以在沿岸水域茁壯成長。海 洋科學家在水面下豐富多樣的植物和其他生物當中，發現加州海灘附近 水域長有大量也被稱為海草的藻類。這種特定品種的藻類——Caulerpa prolifera——為鮮豔的綠色，生長在淺水區。因為繁殖的數量很多，蔓延 的速度飛快，以致於科學家把這種情況稱為「入侵」。

California, besides having rugged mountains, vast deserts, and world-famous vineyards, is also famous for having some of the most aesthetic-looking beaches in the United States. known as the “Golden State”, California is located in western America and gets a lot of suns. The temperature at sea level remains in a range between “cozy warm” to “dangerously hot” all year round. Stable and mild weather enables marine life to thrive in the coastal area. Marine scientists discovered that underwater, massive amounts of algae called “seaweed” are also grown among other rich diverse plants and creatures around the waters off California’s beaches. This specific kind of alga, Caulerpa prolifera, is bright green and grown in shallow waters. Due to its massive reproduction and fast spreading rate, thus scientists called the situation an” invasion”.

一旦你選定了想要改變的行為，就該設定一個實際可行又具體的目 標。舉例來說，不要跟自己說：「我想變健康」，你也許要說：「我想要 在年底前能完成一場長途賽跑。」與其發誓要完全戒除甜點，不如考慮 允許自己每週只吃一份甜點。有了實際而具體的目標，你就更能規劃行 動方針並且更有機會履行你的志願。要達成人生中的任何目標，你需要 有計畫，所以花時間擬定一個吧。

Once you’ve chosen the behavior you’d like to make change to, it’s time to set a goal that’s both realistic and specific. For example, rather than telling yourself “I want to be healthy”. You might say, “I want to be able to accomplish a long-distance race by the end of the year.” Rather than swearing off dessert completely, might as well consider allowing yourself only one dessert a week. With goal that is not only practical but also specific, you can do a better job of organizing your course of action and have a better chance of making your wish come to fruition. To achieve any goals in life, you need to have a plan, so make the time to draw one up.

規畫的另一部分是把你的行動拆解成容易做到的小部分。如果你已 決心要在年底前跑完長途賽跑，就從每週三次、每次慢跑十分鐘開始吧。 如果你想要存夠錢付一間房子的頭期款，就每個月先存一定的金額。雖 然這些步驟也許看似沒什麼，但它們會增加長遠成功的可能性。真正重 要的不是你有多成功，而是知道你能掌控自己的行為。一旦你瞭解那一 點，要戒除壞習慣、過一個更健康快樂的生活就會變得更容易。

Part of planning is to break your action down into small, easy-to-manage segments. If you are already determined that you want to run a marathon by the end of the year, start by jogging 3 times a week, and ten minutes each time. If you aim to save up enough money to afford the down payment of a house, just save a good amount of money each month. Although these steps don’t seem like much, but they will increase the possibility of success in the long run. What truly matters is not how successful you are, but knowing that you are in control of your own actions. Once you realize that, it becomes much easier to get rid of bad habits and live a healthier and happier life.

一份針對四百名成人的研究顯示，相較於不擁抱的人，經常擁抱 的人比較不容易生病。而經常擁抱的人生病時症狀也比較不嚴重。除 了提升免疫系統，擁抱對心臟也有益。科學家發現，擁抱會使「幸福」 荷爾蒙增加，這能提升正面的感受。荷爾蒙增加會降低你的心率和血 壓，並減輕對心臟的壓力。擁抱在某些人身上也可能減緩老化的影響。 接受幸福荷爾蒙的老年老鼠實際上開始以與年輕老鼠一樣快的速度 再生肌肉。因此多多擁抱你的爺爺奶奶可以幫助他們更長久地保持健 康。

A study of 400 adults has shown that people who hug frequently have a lesser chance of catching illness than those who don’t. And people who hug regularly will have less severe symptoms when getting sick. In addition to boosting the immune system, hugging is also beneficial to the heart. Scientists discover that hugging will cause increase in the hormone of “happiness”. This will improve one’s feelings positively.

Increase in hormones can also lower heart and blood pressure. Thus, reducing the pressure on the heart. Hugging is also found to slow down the effect of aging in some people. In fact, rats that receive happiness hormones regenerate their muscles at the same speed as the young ones. Thus, hugging your grandparents more can help to keep them healthy for a long time.

當你情緒低落時，沒有什麼比親人給你一個大大的擁抱更能讓你振作 的了。但擁抱的正面影響遠不只是一個簡單的鼓勵而已。科學家發現，擁 抱這個動作對心理的健康、身體健康和兒童發展都有很大的好處。擁抱會 讓你的身體釋放許多改善情緒的化學物質。這些化學物質會讓你的壓力 值下降並減輕擔心和孤獨的感受。擁抱還有助於在擁抱者之間建立更緊 密的關係。這表示擁抱對於強化人際關係和減少衝突非常有用。此外，經 常擁抱的人在對抗疾病時能獲得改善。

When you’re feeling down, nothing is more powerful than a big hug from a loved one to cheer you up. But the positive effects that hugging bring can go beyond a simple shot in the arm. Scientists found that mental health, physical well-being, and child development can all greatly benefit from the act of hugging. Hugging causes your body to release many emotion-improved chemicals. These chemicals cause your stress level to fall and ease feelings of worry and loneliness. Hugging also helps establish tighter bonds between huggers. This means that hugging is great for deepening relationships and having less conflict. Other than that, people who frequently hug can get better when fighting off illness.

由於現在世界上有將近一千八百五十萬個比特幣(Bitcoin)，只有具備 強大運算能力的特殊電腦才能開採新的比特幣。這些特殊電腦需要大量 的電力。確切是多少電力呢？這個嘛，比有些國家一年使用的還要多！ 此外，直到最近，比特幣在中國一直是開採最為積極，該國大部分的電 力都是以燃煤來發電。因此，比特幣是一場環境惡夢。這個情況已使得 好幾位原本對比特幣非常興奮的公眾人物退一步思考。

Because there are approximately 18.5 million Bitcoin exist in the world currently, possessing special computer with powerful algorithm is the only way to mine new Bitcoin. These computers required a huge amount of energy. Precisely how much? Well, more than some country’s usage in a year!

In addition, China has been the most active in mining Bitcoin till recently, most of their electricity is powered by coal fuel. Thus, making Bitcoin an environmental nightmare. This situation has made several public figures who were originally excited about Bitcoin have second thoughts.

2021 年二月十三日週六晚間，一場 7.3 級地震在十一點零七分侵襲 日本東北地區(Tohoku region)。這次地震發生在毀滅性的 2011 年 3 月大 地震和海嘯，又稱為「東日本大地震」(the Great East Japan Earthquake) 的 十周年之前。據推測這個二月發生的地震可能是十年前侵襲此地區 9.1 級 強震的餘震。幸好在地震後並無引發海嘯，據報也無嚴重受傷情況。然而， 報導指出在本州(Honshu)東北部，至少六個傳出有居民受到輕傷和重大的 財產損失。此外，逾九十五萬戶短暫停電。不過在週日晚上，大部分地區 即恢復供電。

On the evening of Saturday, February 13, 2021, a 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck Japan's Tohoku region at 11:07 p.m. The quake occurred just weeks before the 10th anniversary of the devastating March 2011 quake and tsunami, known as the Great East Japan Earthquake. It was speculated that February’s quake might be an aftershock of the massive 9.1 earthquake that hit this region a decade ago. Fortunately, it didn’t trigger a tsunami, and no severe injuries were reported afterward. However, it was reported that there were at least six residents suffered from minor injuries and significant loss financially. In addition, over nine hundred and fifty thousand homes lost power temporally. But the power came back by Saturday evening for most areas.

英翻中:

President Donald Trump claimed that China has “lost 15 to 20 trillion dollars in value” since the day he was elected. But this isn’t true. The entire size of the Chinese economy is estimated to be about $13 trillion, so it’s impossible for it to lose more than its worth. According to the World Bank, China’s GDP was $12.238 trillion in 2017. Though current estimates are hard to come by, China’s economy grew by 6.6% in 2018, which would put the size of the economy over $13 trillion. Trump mentioned that his trade policies are hurting China’s economy. As economists have noted, however, the US economy is harmed by these tariffs as well. According to the research firm Capital Economics, the 25% tariff on all Chinese goods that Trump is set to impose could reduce 0.8 percentage points off China’s GDP.

美國總統Donald Trump聲稱，自從他上任以來，中國已損失15至20萬億鎂的價值。但這未必屬實。中國經濟的整體規模估計有13萬億鎂，所以損失不可能超越自身價值。根據世界銀行統計，2017中國國內生產總值高達12.238萬億鎂。雖然現在的國內生產總值難以估計，但中國經濟在2018年成長了6.6%，使得整體經濟規模超過13萬億鎂。川普提到，自己的貿易政策正在損害中國的經濟。然而，正如經濟學家指出，美國本身的經濟也受到這些關稅的傷害。根據經濟研究機構—凱投巨集關指出，川普針對中國商品徵收的25%關稅只使得其國內生產總值下將0.8個百分點。

On June 4, 1989, people in China realized their country had changed overnight. For seven weeks China had seemed to be on the brink of a massive social change; however, the dreams of hundreds of thousands of protesting students and workers were brutally crushed in just one night. The protests began in April at first, triggered by the death of former Chinese Communist Party leader. Thousands of grieving students marched through Beijing, calling for a more democratic government. Over the coming month and a half, the number of protesting students and workers steadily grew. In the end, the government moved swiftly. On the night of June 3, convoys of armed troops entered Beijing to clean up the square by whatever necessary means. On the 30th anniversary of 2019, it is expected that there will be no public anniversaries or events in China.

1989年6月4日，中國人民意識到自己的國家一夜之間發生了變化。過去七週以來，中國似乎處於大規模社會改革的邊緣；然而，成千上萬的抗議學生及勞工的夢想在一夜之間被殘忍地摧毀。抗議最初始於四月，因前中國共產黨領導人去世而引起。上千名悲痛的學生在北京遊行，呼籲建立一個更民主的政府。接下來一個半月裡，抗議學生及勞工人數逐步地增加。最後，政府迅速採取行動。在6月3日當晚，武裝部隊車隊進入北京，採取一切必要的手段清蕭廣場。在2019年30週年之際，預計中國不會有任何公開紀念或活動。

When former civil servant Carrie Lam(林鄭月娥) became the chief executive of Hong Kong in 2017, she promised to unite the city of 7 million people and “re-ignite the hope of the next generation”. In February 2019, she attempted to introduce a law that was so abhorrent. According to organizers, up to 2 million people spilled onto the streets on Sunday (6/16) for the third mass protest in the week. Protesters are demanding the government abolish an extradition bill, fearing that it will allow Beijing to spirit residents over the border to China for perceived political or business offenses. Lam’s office apologized and suspended the bill on Saturday, but protest leaders, the Civil Human Right Front (民間人 權陣線), say that’s not enough. They want the government to withdraw the bill completely; most importantly, they want Lam out.

當前公務員林鄭月娥2017年成為香港行政特首時，她承諾會將整座城市7百萬人民團結起來，並「再次為下一代點燃希望之火」。2019年二月份，她試圖引入一條令人極度憎惡的法案。據組織人員指出，高達200萬人於週日(6/16)湧入街頭進行本週第三次的大規模抗議行動。抗議群眾要求政府廢除引渡法案，擔心北京方面會將其視為政治或經濟罪行的居民送到中國境內。月娥官方週六提出道歉並暫緩法案，但民間人權陣線的抗議行動領袖表示這樣是不夠的。他們要政府徹底撤回此議案；最重要的是，他們要月娥下台。

Gurupreet Kaur crossed the US-Mexico border shortly before her 7th birthday. On the second day of the girl’s entry into Arizona, Border Patrol agents found her remains. The director of the Sikh(錫克教) Coalition Program, Mark Redding Smith, said the girl’s father was confirmed to be A. Singh, who has lived in the United States since 2013 and applied for asylum in the New York Immigration Court. The girl’s mother, identified as S. Kaur, crossed the border with her this month. It is unclear when the mother and daughter left their home in the northern Indian state of Punjab(旁遮普), or how they made their way to the US-Mexico border. According to statistics from the Border Patrol, the number of undocumented Indian immigrants crossing the US-Mexico border has increased in recent years. Advocates say they have noticed this trend, but don’t know why more people from South Asia are carrying out this journey.

Gurupreet Kaur在她七歲生日不久前跨越了美墨邊境。在女孩進入亞利桑那州的隔天，邊境巡防人員尋獲她的遺體。錫克聯盟計畫主任Mark Redding Smith聲稱，女孩的父親身分證實為A. Singh，從2013年起就居住在美國，並在紐約移民法庭申請庇護。女孩的母親身分確認為S. Kaur，本月與女兒一同跨越邊境。目前還不清楚母女倆何時離開印度北邊旁遮普的家，或是她們如何前往美墨邊境。據邊境巡邏隊統計，近年越過美墨邊境的非法印度移民增人數有所增加。倡導者表示有注意到此趨勢，但不知為何越來越多的南亞人民試圖要實行這趟旅程。

On the anniversary of Hong Kong’s return to Chinese rule, a large group of protestors smashed the glass door and stormed the government headquarters. The dramatic events of July 1 broke Hong Kong’s peaceful demonstration against a controversial extradition bill(引渡法案). Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam (林鄭月娥) condemned the violence in a press conference on the early morning of Tuesday and pledged to take necessary legal action. Just a few hours ago, hundreds of young activists occupied the Legislative Council building for hours. They ransacked desks and filing cabinets and torn down portraits. They raised a black banner that read: “There is no way left,” and presented an open challenge to China and Lam. Monday was the 22nd anniversary of the return of the semi-autonomous city to China’s sovereignty. The date is marked annually with protests calling for greater freedoms.

在香港慶祝回歸中國的週年紀念日，一批抗議民眾砸碎玻璃門並衝進政府總部。這場發生在7月1號的戲劇性事件打破了香港人民針對於備受爭議之引渡法案所進行的和平示威行動。香港行政長官林鄭月娥在週二稍早的新聞發布會上譴責此暴力行為，並承諾採取必要法律行動。就在幾個鐘頭前，上百名輕年社運分子佔領立法院長達數小時。他們洗劫所有辦公桌和文件櫃並撕下肖像。並掛起一張黑色橫幅，寫著:「別無他法」，公然挑戰中國及月娥。週一是慶祝這個半自治城市回歸中國統治權的22週年。每年這個日子都會以訴求更多的由而舉行抗議活動。

British and Thai researchers say malaria parasites that are resistant to key drugs have spread rapidly in South East Asia. Parasites have moved from Cambodia to Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam, where half of the patients are unable to take the preferred drugs as treatment. The researchers say the findings raise the “terrifying prospect” drug resistance and could spread to Africa. However, experts said the implications may not be as severe as first thought. Does this mean the disease is becoming untreatable? In fact, there are alternative drugs that can be used instead. This could include using artemisinin alongside other drugs or using a three-drug combination to overcome resistance. There are about 219 million malaria cases around the world each year. Symptoms of malaria include cycles feeling cold and shivering, followed by high temperature and severe sweating.

英國與泰國的研究人員表示:對市面上主要藥物具抗性的瘧疾寄生蟲已快速的散播至東南亞各地。範圍橫跨柬埔寨至寮國、泰國及越南，使得居住在以上國家多達一半的患者無法使用最佳的藥物進行治療。研究人員聲稱，此發現預示了一個驚人的前景—抗藥性可能會傳播至非洲。然而，專家表示，影響並沒有一開始聲稱的那麼嚴重。但這代表瘧疾是沒有辦法被治療的嗎？不，實際上是有替代性的藥物可以使用。像是將青萵素與其他藥物一併使用，或是利用三種藥物的組合來克服抗藥性。每年世界各地大概有2.19億起病例。症狀包括感覺到不停的寒冷及發抖，隨後是高體溫及大量出汗。

According to activists, in Manchester(曼徹斯特), women trying to access reproductive health services face some of the worst anti-abortion harassment ever seen in the UK. “Over the past 14 years, especially the anti-abortion gatherings outside the Manchester center have been escalating in frequency and scale, and there has been an escalation in the harassing behavior as well,” said Franki Appleton, advocacy and public affairs adviser for Marie Stopes UK(英國瑪麗斯特普國際組織). Appleton said the protests could include so-called “pavement counseling,” when the demonstrators intercept people trying to enter the clinic and try to dissuade them from attending appointments. Michael Freeley, a local representative of the international anti-abortion group, said the main focus of the group’s protests in Manchester was “quietly praying outside the clinic for the mothers, the children and for the staff.” Freeley insisted that members of his group did not harass women outside the clinic.

據社運人士表示，在曼徹斯特，試圖獲得生育保健服務的婦女面臨了在英國有史以來最嚴重的反墮胎騷擾。英國瑪麗斯特普國際組織的宣傳與公共事務顧問—法蘭基·艾普頓(Franki Appleton)聲稱:「在過去14年裡，尤其是在曼徹斯特中心外的反墮胎集會，發生得越來越頻繁且規模也越來越大，且在騷擾行為上也變本加厲」。艾普頓表示抗議行動可能包含所謂的:「人行道諮詢」的，也就是示威者攔截試圖進入診所的民眾，並勸阻他們不要出席預約。當地的國際反墮胎團體代表人麥克·菲力聲稱，該團體在曼徹斯特的主要抗議焦點是:「在診所外為母親、孩子及工作人員靜靜地祈禱」。菲力堅稱，他的團員沒有在診所外騷擾婦女。

In certain parts of the world, extreme heat causes more rain to fall. This led to larger, faster-moving rivers. Which carry more dirt and silts attached flowing into the ocean. As the ocean gets darker, it gets harder for those animals that use their sight for hunting to find enough food to survive. To prevent the nuclear reactor from overheating, many nuclear power plants pump in cooling water from nearby rivers. This process makes the water very hot. During extreme heat waves, while the river is quite warm already, it becomes dangerous for nuclear power plants to discharge hot water back into the rivers. The reason is that many animals and plants can only live in waters of a certain temperature.

在世界某些地方，極端高溫(extreme heat)會導致下更多雨。這會產生更大、流速更快的河流，而且挾帶更多的泥土和淤泥流入海洋中。隨 著海洋顏色越來越深，那些利用視力獵食的動物就更難找到足夠的食物 來存活。為了防止核反應爐過熱，許多核電廠會從附近的河流中抽取冷 卻水。這個過程使水變得很熱。在極端熱浪期間，河流已經相當溫暖時， 核電廠將熱水排放到河裡就變得很危險。原因是許多種動植物只能生活 在一定溫度的水域裡。