本研究主要探討影響各種疾病死亡數的環境汙染因素，取得經濟合作暨 發展組織(OECD)、世界銀行(World Bank)以及世界衛生組織(WHO)從1997 到2014年的數據，比較268個國家5種常見的慢性代謝疾病的死亡數字: 慢性呼吸 道疾病，心血管疾病 ，結核病 ，腸胃道疾病 ，腦血管疾病。進行OLS回歸分 析，結果顯示工業廢氣、二氧化碳排放量對於各項死因死亡的人數呈正向關係。 高度開發的工業國家，因為工業廢氣而導致的死亡數亦比較高。而人口成長率對 於這些死因的影響雖然較多呈現負相關但較不明確，原因一為低開發國家人口成 長率高但開發程度較低，因此排放廢氣量相對少，從而造成的死亡率也較低;二 是有些開發程度高的國家人口成長率低，但醫療水平較高，因此死亡率較低。 This paper investigates the relationships between environmental pollutions and the death tolls of different diseases, using the datas of 285 countries from 1997 to 2004, provided by OECD, World Bank and WHO. Five common chronic diseases: obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis, gastrointestinal disease and cerebrovascular disease are chosen to investigate. OLS results show that total man- made emissions and CO2 emission has positive relation with the death tolls of diseases. Highly-industrialised countries also shows high diseases death tolls. Population growth showing less significant negative relation: less developed countries which has high population growth rate has less manufacturing activities, or the highly-industrialised countries which has lower population growth rate are equipped with more advanced medical technologies.